隨著順酐生產技術不斷提高，被廣泛應用于各種制造行業，主要包括醫藥行業、油脂樹脂行業以及潤滑油添加劑行業等。基于此，
順酐生產廠家就順酐生產工藝路線進行簡要分析，希望可以提共一個有效的借鑒。
With the continuous improvement of maleic anhydride production technology, it is widely used in various manufacturing industries, mainly including the pharmaceutical industry, grease resin industry, and lubricant additive industry. Based on this, maleic anhydride manufacturers have conducted a brief analysis of the production process route of maleic anhydride, hoping to provide an effective reference.
苯氧化法:
Benzene oxidation method:
苯法生產順酐是在固定床反應器中，使原料苯經過催化劑V-MO-_P碳化硅的催化，與空氣接觸完成氧化反應生成順酐氣體。然后順酐氣體經水的吸收以及恒沸脫水，減壓連續精餾后，得到順酐。苯法順酐的生產工藝中，通過對催化劑的裝填、反應器壓力、反應器進口氣溫度、空速和熔鹽溫度的優化來完善整個工藝。
The production of maleic anhydride by the benzene method is carried out in a fixed bed reactor, where the raw benzene passes through the catalyst V-MO-_ The catalysis of P silicon carbide, in contact with air, completes the oxidation reaction to generate maleic anhydride gas. Then, the maleic anhydride gas is absorbed by water and subjected to azeotropic dehydration, followed by continuous distillation under reduced pressure to obtain maleic anhydride. In the production process of benzene based maleic anhydride, the entire process is improved by optimizing the loading of catalysts, reactor pressure, reactor inlet temperature, space velocity, and molten salt temperature.
目前，在我國順酐的生產廠家大部分均采用的是苯法工藝，其裝置小部分從國外引進。大部分采用仍國內技術。例如常州亞邦化工集團采用的就是苯工藝法。基本原理是采用苯原料依托固定床氧化，使用二甲苯恒沸脫水、加入冷凝器加水吸收的回收工藝、反應熱的回收利用等先進工藝。
At present, most manufacturers of maleic anhydride in China use the benzene process, and a small portion of their devices are imported from abroad. Most of them still use domestic technology. For example, Changzhou Yabang Chemical Group adopts the benzene process method. The basic principle is to adopt advanced processes such as benzene raw material relying on fixed bed oxidation, xylene azeotropic dehydration, adding water to the condenser for absorption, and the recovery and utilization of reaction heat.
在苯法生產工藝中，首先原料來源可以得到保障與支持;其次苯法采用的連續精餾可使順酐質量更加穩定且提高收率降低能耗;另外，近年來采用背壓式汽輪機新裝置利用余熱產生蒸汽使得熱平衡得到更大的完善，不僅充分利用熱能，可降低生產成本，增加經濟效益。
In the benzene production process, the source of raw materials can be guaranteed and supported first; Secondly, the continuous distillation used in the benzene method can make the quality of maleic anhydride more stable, improve the yield, and reduce energy consumption; In addition, in recent years, the use of back pressure steam turbines to generate steam from waste heat has greatly improved the heat balance, not only making full use of heat energy, but also reducing production costs and increasing economic benefits.
由于原材料等原因，我國基本上采取苯氧化法，但是弊端是對苯的利用率低，污染了環境，其主要污染物為廢氣、廢水、廢渣。
Due to reasons such as raw materials, China basically adopts the benzene oxidation method, but the disadvantage is that the utilization rate of benzene is low, which pollutes the environment. The main pollutants are exhaust gas, wastewater, and waste residue.
順酐生產工藝
Maleic anhydride production process
正丁烷氧化法C4餾分中成本低且易得到原料是正丁烷。與氧氣混合氧化產生順酐是三種方式中成本低。正丁烷氧化法由于污染小、成本低的特征，在近年來得到廣泛的應用，隨著混合C4餾分為原料固定床氧化工藝發展并成熟，逐漸占據生產工藝中主要地位。正丁烷生產順酐方式主要有兩大優勢:
The low cost and easily obtainable raw material in C4 fraction of n-butane oxidation method is n-butane. Mixed oxidation with oxygen to produce maleic anhydride is one of the three low-cost methods. The n-butane oxidation method has been widely used in recent years due to its characteristics of low pollution and low cost. With the development and maturity of the fixed bed oxidation process using mixed C4 fractions as raw materials, it gradually occupies a dominant position in the production process. The production of maleic anhydride using n-butane has two main advantages:
正丁烷原料以苯原料價格更為便宜，由于苯原料被各生產行業廠泛使用，使得苯價格不斷上浮更是加劇苯與正丁烷單價差異;正丁烷原材料生產中所釋放的有市副產物比苯原材料更少，很大程度上減少了環境的污染，并且正丁烷氧化生產工藝所需要裝置與苯氧化生產工藝裝置相同，差別僅在于將催化劑環節更換為正丁烷氧化設備。
The price of n-butane raw material is cheaper than that of benzene raw material. Due to the widespread use of benzene raw material by various production factories, the price of benzene continues to rise, exacerbating the price difference between benzene and n-butane; The production of n-butane raw materials releases fewer commercial by-products than benzene raw materials, greatly reducing environmental pollution. Moreover, the equipment required for n-butane oxidation production process is the same as that for benzene oxidation production process, with the only difference being that the catalyst link is replaced with n-butane oxidation equipment.
因此，順酐生產相關科研人員加大對正丁烷氧化生產順酐工藝研究力度，在一-定程度上推動了正丁烷氧化法發展。正J烷氧化生產順酐是非常復雜氧化還原反應，生產環節為氧化反應環節和后處理回收環節。
Therefore, researchers related to the production of maleic anhydride have increased their research on the process of n-butane oxidation to produce maleic anhydride, which has to some extent promoted the development of n-butane oxidation method. The production of maleic anhydride by n-J alkane oxidation is a very complex oxidation-reduction reaction, which involves oxidation reaction and post-treatment recovery.
苯法及正丁烷法生產工藝比較
Comparison of Production Processes between Benzene Method and n-Butane Method
在順酐生產工藝方面苯法及正丁烷法大致相同，其共性主要體現在選擇使用固定床與空氣進行氧化、部分冷凝過程中用水進行吸收、利用二甲苯間歇沸脫水精制的工藝路線上。這兩種生產工藝除了原料不同，生產工藝路線基本上是一致的，除此之外它們之間大的區別:
In terms of the production process of maleic anhydride, the benzene method and the n-butane method are roughly the same, and their commonalities are mainly reflected in the selection of a fixed bed for oxidation with air, water absorption during partial condensation, and the use of xylene intermittent boiling dehydration and refining process route. These two production processes, apart from different raw materials, have basically the same production process route. In addition, there are significant differences between them:
正丁烷生產工藝中需要增加包括正丁烷分離、反應器的壓力提高廢氣焚燒系統在內的三套氣分裝置;正丁烷氧化法在原料上更省、生產成本更低、產出量更高，催化劑使用更好、環境污染更輕、技術上更新的特點使得正丁烷法成為了目前國內企業生產順酐的發展新趨勢。更多相關內容就來我們網站
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In the production process of n-butane, it is necessary to add three sets of gas separation devices, including n-butane separation, reactor pressure increase, and waste gas incineration system; The n-butane oxidation method has become a new trend in the production of maleic anhydride by domestic enterprises due to its advantages such as lower raw materials, lower production costs, higher output, better catalyst use, lighter environmental pollution, and updated technology. For more related content, come to our website http://www.724ad.com consulting service
