順丁烯二酸酐(maleic anhydride)又稱順酐、馬來酸酐、失水蘋果酸酐，英文簡寫MA，分子式為C4H2O3，分子量為98.06，結構式為
Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride and dehydrated malic anhydride, is abbreviated as Ma in English. The molecular formula is c4h2o3, the molecular weight is 98.06 and the structural formula is
1.產品性能
1. Product performance
白色針狀結晶；易燃，易升華；熔點52.8℃，沸點202℃、179.5℃(400×133.3Pa)、155.9℃(200×133.3Pa)、135.8℃(100×133.3Pa)、122℃(60×133.3Pa)、95℃(20×133.3Pa)、78.7℃(10×133.3Pa)；相對密度為(d460)1.314；易溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、氯仿、1，4-二氧六環，溶于水成為失水蘋果酸，溶于醇成為酯，微溶于四氯化碳和粗汽油；閃點103℃；高毒。
White acicular crystal; Flammable and easy to sublimate; Melting point 52.8 ℃, boiling point 202 ℃, 179.5 ℃ (400 ℃) × 133.3Pa)、155.9℃(200 × 133.3Pa)、135.8℃(100 × 133.3Pa)、122℃(60 × 133.3Pa)、95℃(20 × 133.3Pa)、78.7℃(10 × 133.3Pa)； The relative density is (d460) 1.314; Soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane, soluble in water as dehydrated malic acid, soluble in alcohol as ester, slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride and crude gasoline; Flash point 103 ℃; Highly toxic.
2.生產原理
2. Production principle
(1)苯氧化法。在V2O5催化下，苯在高溫下被空氣氧化，生成順丁烯二酸酐。
(1) Benzene oxidation method. Under the catalysis of V2O5, benzene is oxidized by air at high temperature to produce maleic anhydride.
(2)C4餾分氧化法。正丁烯空氣氧化法的反應條件與苯氧化法相似。
(2) C4 fraction oxidation method. The reaction conditions of air oxidation of n-butene are similar to those of benzene oxidation.
正丁烷氧化法工藝過程是先將正丁烷脫氫成丁烯，再與空氣氧化為順酐。
The process of n-butane oxidation is to dehydrogenate n-butane to butene, and then oxidize with air to maleic anhydride.
正丁烷氧化法實現工業化生產以來發展很快，因為正丁烷價廉，化工利用不廣，因此此法成為有競爭力的生產原理。
Since the realization of industrial production, n-butane oxidation has developed rapidly. Because n-butane is cheap and not widely used in chemical industry, this method has become a competitive production principle.
以不經分離的C4餾分或分離異丁烯、丁二烯后的C4餾分為原料生產順酐，具有原料成本低、催化劑壽命長等優點。C4餾分與空氣混合后進入流化床氧化反應器，與反應器中催化劑接觸生成順酐。
Maleic anhydride is produced from C4 fraction without separation or C4 fraction after separation of isobutene and butadiene. It has the advantages of low raw material cost and long catalyst life. C4 fraction is mixed with air and enters the fluidized bed oxidation reactor to contact with the catalyst in the reactor to generate maleic anhydride.
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