我國順丁烯二酸酐的生產(chǎn)路線主要采用苯氧化法和正丁烷氧化法。苯氧化工藝由于馬來酸酐技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用早，早期原料容易獲得，所以在我國占有較大的比重。2016年，我國順丁烯二酸酐生產(chǎn)能力約為200萬噸，其中苯順丁烯二酸酐135萬噸(67.5%)，丁烷順丁烯二酸酐65萬噸(32.5%)。但近年來，原料價格偏高，順酐苯氧化法成本不斷上升，企業(yè)虧損嚴重，開工率低，許多舊設(shè)備閑置。但目前正丁烷法的成本比苯法每噸低3000元左右，整體利潤相當(dāng)豐厚。這種方法直到20世紀七八十年代才得到發(fā)展和普及。近年來，隨著我國西部至東部天然氣富余，下游正丁烷供應(yīng)充足，價格低廉，丁烷氧化法和對苯法的替代正在加快。
The main production routes of maleic anhydride in China are benzene oxidation and n-butane oxidation. Because of the early research and application of maleic anhydride technology, benzene oxidation process has a large proportion in China. In 2016, the production capacity of maleic anhydride in China was about 2 million tons, including 1.35 million tons (67.5%) of phenylmaleic anhydride and 650000 tons (32.5%) of butane maleic anhydride. However, in recent years, the price of raw materials is on the high side, the cost of maleic anhydride benzene oxidation method is rising, the enterprise has serious losses, the operating rate is low, and many old equipment is idle. But at present, the cost of n-butane method is about 3000 yuan lower than that of benzene method, and the overall profit is quite rich. This method was not developed and popularized until 1970s and 1980s. In recent years, with the abundant natural gas from the west to the east of China, the downstream n-butane supply is sufficient and the price is low, the substitution of butane oxidation method and p-benzene method is speeding up.
除了新項目外，一些企業(yè)也在悄悄將原來的苯法改為丁烷法。浙江華晨能源早在2009年就提出了4萬噸苯基馬來酸酐的技術(shù)改造項目，現(xiàn)已竣工。另一家公司昌茂生物化學(xué)(changmaobiochemistry)去年9月也提出了一個用2萬噸正丁烷取代鄰苯二甲酸酐的項目。目前，常州亞邦化工有限公司擁有12萬噸的生產(chǎn)能力。除了信陽科技有限公司投資的新設(shè)備外，今年還開始準備4萬噸苯基馬來酸酐的技術(shù)改造項目。
In addition to new projects, some enterprises are quietly changing the original benzene method to butane method. As early as 2009, Zhejiang brilliance energy put forward the technical transformation project of 40000 tons of phenylmaleic anhydride, which has been completed. Another company, Chang Mao biochemistry, last September proposed a project to replace phthalic anhydride with 20000 tons of n-butane. At present, Changzhou Yabang Chemical Co., Ltd. has a production capacity of 120000 tons. In addition to the new equipment invested by Xinyang science and Technology Co., Ltd., this year, the technical transformation project of 40000 tons of phenylmaleic anhydride has also been prepared.
除成本壓力對苯順酐廠外，環(huán)保政策也有較大的阻力。近年來，不僅享受到了經(jīng)濟發(fā)展帶來的好處，也經(jīng)歷了日益嚴重的污染帶來的痛苦后果。眾所周知，苯基馬來酸酐不僅價格昂貴，而且由于原料苯的使用，在環(huán)保方面也有很大的劣勢。隨著我國目前對環(huán)境保護的重視，可以預(yù)期苯馬來酸酐裝置的生存空間將會越來越小。
In addition to the cost pressure on the phthalic anhydride plant, environmental protection policies also have greater resistance. In recent years, it has not only enjoyed the benefits of economic development, but also experienced the painful consequences of increasingly serious pollution. As we all know, phenylmaleic anhydride is not only expensive, but also has a great disadvantage in environmental protection due to the use of benzene as raw material. With the current attention to environmental protection in China, it can be expected that the living space of the plant will be smaller and smaller.
以上是
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